Search results

Peel strength numbers are part of a laminate's specifications and should characterize the specific bond performance (copper adhesion) under test conditions. Unfortunately, from both a theoretical and a practical point of view they are not able to do that. This study seeks to address this issue.

This paper has been written to show the main impacts on the measured peel strength numbers in the IPC‐TM‐650 peeling test. From an extensive database regarding peel numbers for diverse foil types, foil thicknesses and treatment roughnesses it is possible to show the influence of prepreg type, foil thickness and roughness on the measure peel strength.

Copper adhesion to laminating resin is insufficiently described by peel strength data because of the impacts of foil thickness, stiffness on bending (physical bending work, stress distribution underneath the peeling line) and the treatment roughness. The latter works reinforcing regarding the (low) resin strength and this influence is measured on resin strength instead of real bond. Fracture due to peeling is cohesive, mostly with a totally intact copper‐resin interface. This is especially true in high performance laminates that show low peel strengths not because of bad copper bonding but because of brittle resins (filled and unfilled).

Users have to understand the limited benefit of the IPC peel test in characterizing copper‐resin bonds. Peel increase on (low bond) high performance resins by increased foil roughness is not a practical way in the field because of no bond improvement (interface) and heavy disadvantages in dielectric thickness (HiPot tests at thin core laminates), respectively.

The Dow Chemical Company has developed a new epoxy‐based system to serve the growing need for high‐performance dielectric substrates, requiring high thermal reliability (high T_g, high thermal resistance) and high signal speed and integrity (low dielectric constant and low loss factor). The system is based on advanced, proprietary resin technologies. The process latitude of this system is very similar to traditional high T_g FR‐4 products. The optimized rheology of the system leads to consistent, controlled flow. The copper foil JTCHTEAB from Gould Electronics, where AB stands for advanced bond, is interesting in this context as it was developed for use on high‐performance laminates with a typically lower ability for copper bonding, such as high T_g and low D_k/D_f substrates. When the “LDk‐HTd” resin is used in combination with the JTCHTEAB copper foil, the copper peel strength fully meets the industry standard for high T_g FR‐4 laminates.

Outlines effective corporate strategy‐marketing strategy relationships in the context of a behavioural segmentation framework for competing in the global marketplace. Evaluates standard, local and regional market strategies in conjunction with cost‐based, customer‐based and innovation‐based corporate strategies. Highlights key corporate strategy‐marketing strategy combinations in a global strategic marketing decision tree. These combinations enhance an organization’s ability to compete effectively in global consumer markets. Utilizes corporate examples to emphasize the effectiveness of these combinations. The premiss of this paper is that corporate strategy drives marketing strategy. Concludes that by recognizing the complex interrelationships between corporate and marketing strategy, organizations may achieve global strategic competitiveness.

The need to adapt to the effects of climate change requires the sharing of responsibility between the authorities and the public. It has been shown before that private building precautionary measures are able to significantly mitigate flood losses. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which factors are motivating people to undertake mitigation measures, with a particular focus on the perceptions of climate change.

A total of 605 households in Dresden have been interviewed and their answers statistically analysed.

Correlation and principal component analysis show a slight influence of the perception about consequences of climate change on the motivation to undertake flood emergency measures. However, other socio‐economic factors such as the ownership of the residential building and the size of the household are much more important.

In order to improve the uptake of flood mitigation and climate change adaptation measures, public awareness raising campaigns and schemes utilizing financial and non‐financial incentives should be undertaken. Such campaigns should particularly focus on specific social‐groups, like tenants or singles. Awareness raising campaigns focusing on the causes and consequences of climate change are expected to have little effect on peoples' motivation to act.

This study has discovered very weak links between perceptions of climate change and the motivation of households to undertake precautionary measures, which is important for the design of awareness raising campaigns.